新基因如何起源和进化是进化生物学的核心问题之一。早在1970年,Susumu Ohno详细论述了基因复制(又称基因重复或倍增)对于进化的重要意义。进入新世纪以来,基因组学的蓬勃发展给新基因研究带来了革命性的机遇。研究方向: 张勇研究员长期从事研究,涉及新基因起源的机制、进化模式、功能和方法论等重要方面。 研究内容: 张勇研究员自2007年起从事新基因起源和进化的研究,通过开发新的方法论突破了新基因研究的瓶颈;课题组开发GenTree数据库(http://gentree.ioz.ac.cn)对新基因进行系统性重注释,从而显著提高了支撑新基因研究数据的可靠性和可操作性。基于这些方法创新,课题组近五年以果蝇、人等为主要研究体系,发现了与L1等此前广为人知的机制不同,长末端重复(LTR)逆转座子介导的复制过程可塑造有新功能的嵌合新基因;与进化发育学派(Evo Devo)力主的表型进化主要由老基因的调控序列进化来推动的理论不同,部分新基因可参与发育乃至促进癌症进程。
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